17 verses
James warns that internal lust and worldly ambition spark conflict, urging believers to humble themselves, resist the devil, and submit to God.
James opens by attributing wars and fights among believers to their own lusts, which create internal conflict and a desire for more than they can attain. He condemns those who act in pursuit of personal gain, labeling them as adulterers in spirit, and reminds readers that worldly friendships oppose God’s purposes. The author highlights that the spirit within believers is prone to envy, yet God gives more grace, especially to the humble. He commands believers to submit to God, resist the devil, and draw near to God, purifying their hearts and actions. James also stresses the futility of planning for the future without acknowledging God’s will, encourages sincere humility, and warns against speaking evil of one another, noting that such judgment is ultimately judgment of the law itself. The chapter concludes with a call to perform good deeds and a reminder that failing to do so constitutes sin.
mixed
The passage combines stern admonitions with encouraging promises of divine grace.